The Inferno, Canto II Vocabulary

togliere - to take away, to carry off, to seize, to deliver, to dissuade, to undertake, to borrow, to hinder, to try

apparecchiare - to prepare, to treat (apparecchiarsi - to prepare oneself, to get ready)

pietate - pity

ritrarre - to draw back, to draw out, to extract

parere - to seem, to appear

fidare - to trust, to confide in

ancora - again, yet, still

secolo - century, age, (eccles.) the world

sensibilmente - sensibly, considerably, appreciably

cortese - courteous 

dovea - poetic/archaic form of the third person singular indicative of dovere

indegno - worthless, undeserving, contemptible, base, vile

empireo - (lit.) empyreal

onde - whence, wherefore

vanto - vaunt, pride, brag, boast

inteso - understood, listened to, heard

ammanto - cloak, mantle

degnare - to deign, to deem worthy

credere, to believe

recare - to bring, to fetch, to carry, to take, to cause, to produce, to render, to translate, to ascribe

fede - faith, belief 

temere - to fear

fòlle - mad, insane, foolish

savio - sage, wise

intendere - to understand, to hear, to intend

ragione - reason, judgement

volere - to want, to will

cangiare - to change 

proposta - proposal, offer

tal - this

cotanto - so much, so very

tosto - soon, quickly, promptly

viltà - cowardice, faint-heartedness

offesa - offence, injury, affront

molte fiate - many times

ingombrare - to encumber

impresa - enterprise

acciò che - lest, in order that

tema - theme

solvere - to settle, to dissolve

dolorare - to feel pain, to suffer

tra - among, between

richiedere - to request, require, to summon

luccicare - to glitter, to shine

favella - speech, tongue, language

ventura - fortune, luck

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Dante and Virgil at the Garden of Eden

Canto I - Vocabulary

cammin - journey
ritrovare - to return, to find again
selva - forest
diritto(a) - straight
smarrire - to mislay, to miss, to lose, to disorder, to confoud
ahi - oh!, alas!
dire - to say, to speak, to tell
selvaggia - savage, wild
aspra - harsh, rough
trattare - to treat
avere - to have
ridire - to repeat, to tell (again)
poi - then, after
fui - I was (from the infinitive essere - to be)
compunto - remorse, regret
guardare - to look
spalle - shoulder
già - already
raggio - ray
mena - leadeth (from menare - to lead)
altrui - others
lena - breath, vigour
affannata - breathless
uscire - to exit, to go out, to issue
pelago - ocean, abyss
volgere - to turn, to revolve, to cross, to bend, to persuade, to alter, to change, to direct
fuggire - to escape, to fly away
lasciare - to leave
riprendere - to resume
piaggia - hillside, seaside
erta - steep
lonza - loin, small panther
macolato - spotted (modern, maculato)
dinanzi - before one's face, in the presence of
anzi - indeed
mossa(e) - movement
caggionare - to occasion
fiera - wild beast
dare - to give
parere - to seem, to appear
ne - of it, of him, of her; some
brama(e) - longing, desire
carico - laden
gramo - wretched, poor, miserable
progere - to offer, to hand
altezza - height, altitude; depth
giungere - to arrive, to come to reach, to attain; to join, to link to connect
fare - to make
piangere - to weep, to cry; to lament, to mourn for
ripiegarsi - to turn; to fold up again; to bend down; to shift about, to swerve; to fall back, to retreat
tacere - to hold one's tongue, be silent; to suppress; to conceal
rovinare - to ruin, to spoil; to collapse, to crumble
fiòco - hoarse, weak, faint (of sound); dim (of light)
costui - that man (he)
gridare - to cry aloud, to shout, to scream, to shriek
bugiardo - liar
noia - boredom, annoyance, trouble, bother
cagione - cause, reason, motive
vergognoso - bashful, shy; shameful, disgraceful
togliere - to take away, to take off, to remove; to deprive, to rob; to prevent
convenire - to behoove
lagrimare - to weep
campare - to manage, to get by; to save oneself, to escape
empire, empiere - to fill; to cram, to stuff; to load; to satisfy
bramoso(a) - eager, covetous, greedy
cui - which
ammogliare - to marry, to provide for
veltro - greyhound
doglia - grief
cibare - to feed, to nourish
peltro - pewter
umile - humble
ferire - to wound
cacciare - to hunt, to chase, to pursue; to eject; to banish
invidia - envy, jealousy
trarre - to drag, to pull; to lead
udire - to hear; to listen
strida - shrieks
dolente - painful, sorrowful, aching, moanful
ciascun - each
degnare - to think worthy
venire - to come
imperare - to rule, to dominate
quivi - there
seggio - seat, throne
ivi - therein
fuggire - to flee, to escape, to fly
peggio - worse, worst
veggia - behold
mesto - sad, mournful, dejected
tenere - to hold

Divine Comedy Study Companion

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mi ritrovai per una selva oscura.....

Dante's Divine Comedy

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